Kingpins are manufactured in different lengths to match the thickness of the upper coupler.
The kingpin must also be matched to the thickness of the upper coupler to maintain the SAE dimensions. If kingpin replacement is required, a replacement kingpin should be selected which is similar to the type removed, or if a different style, one which can be adequately braced. If any deficiencies are noted during kingpin inspection, replace the kingpin (see Figure 5).Ĩ. For these reasons, SAF-Holland warns against any weld repairs. Additionally, arc strikes or weld craters could develop a stress riser, leading to a fatigue failure. Weld repairs of any type will affect the strength and wear resistance of the kingpin. Kingpins are made from quenched and tempered alloy steel. If any damage is present, replace the kingpin.ħ. Inspect the kingpin for any nicks, gouges, deformation, or cracks, which may interfere or affect the safe use of the kingpin. Reinstall or replace any kingpin that is not securely mounted.Ħ. A loose kingpin mounting will cause excessive chucking and rapid lock wear. Inspect the kingpin mounting for a secure connection to the upper coupler. If the gage slides into the gage slot, replace the kingpin.ĥ.
If using a Holland Kingpin Gage, wear is indicated if the appropriate diameter enters the gage slot. If the kingpin is worn 1/8 inch (.125 inch) or more on either the 2-inch or 2-7/8-inch (2.875 inch) diameter in either direction, replace the kingpin. Check the kingpin for wear as shown in Figure 4. If the kingpin length is improper, the kingpin should be replaced.Ĥ. Otherwise, the kingpin will be too short. The kingpin must be sized to compensate for the thickness of the lube plate. If an add-on aftermarket lube plate is used in your operation, make sure to check the kingpin length. If either condition exists, replace the kingpin. A short kingpin will accelerate lock wear and may interfere with fifth wheel coupling. A long kingpin will result in excessive wear in the locks and coupling difficulty. Using a Holland Kingpin Gage, check the length of the kingpin for proper length as shown in Figure 3. The kingpin must be the proper length to couple properly with a fifth wheel. "It is essential that dogs get restful sleep, just like humans," Sypniewski says.3. Sypniewski advises that dog owners should look out for excessive: In some cases, your dog's sleep abnormalities may be minor and don't pose a health risk.īut "if you notice that there has been an increase or decrease in the amount of time your dog is sleeping or your dog is exhibiting abnormal behaviors while sleeping, this could be an indication that something is wrong and your dog should be evaluated by a veterinarian," says Meindl. "It is associated with loud snoring, daytime drowsiness, and sluggishness," Sypniewski says. Like humans, "dogs can exhibit various sleep disorders," Meindl says, including:ĭog breeds with a shortened snout, like Cavalier King Charles spaniels and English bulldogs, are already prone to breathing issues thereby increasing their risk for sleep breathing disorders like sleep apnea, too. Puppies can sleep as many as 18 to 20 hours per day, though this number starts to decrease after four months of age. Puppies tend to be extremely active while they're awake, so they need more hours of sleep to recharge.Dogs that are more active during the day tend to fall asleep earlier and sleep for longer.Larger dogs tend to sleep more hours per day than smaller breeds.They may also have a more interrupted sleep cycle - sleeping more during the day and waking more often at night. Older dogs generally sleep more - about 16 to 18 hours per day - because they're more easily tired out.There are a few factors that can affect exactly how much your dog sleeps: "This is thought to have evolved over time as dogs were brought into households and kept as pets," says Alison Meindl, DVM, a veterinarian, and professor at Colorado State University. Just like humans, dogs are diurnal animals - "this means they are active during the day and sleep at night," Sypniewski says.ĭomestic dogs also tend to sync their sleep with human sleep patterns, meaning that your dog will usually sleep at night while you sleep. On average, dogs sleep for about 10 hours each day, "but the range is nine to 14 hours per day," says Lara Sypniewski, DVM, a professor of small animal medicine at Oklahoma State University.
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